Publications

1985
HA Franks, RZ German, AW Crompton, and KM Hiiemae. 1985. “Mechanism of intra-oral transport in a herbivore, the hyrax (Procavia syriacus).” Arch Oral BiolArchives of Oral Biology, 30, Pp. 539-44.Abstract
Movements in the jaw, tongue and hyoid during feeding behaviour were recorded with cine-X-ray. Food was moved through the mouth by anterior/posterior motion of the tongue surface relative to the hard palate. This was true for both stage I transport, from the front of the mouth to the molar tooth row and stage II transport, from the molar tooth row to the vallecular area of the oropharynx. During a series of chew cycles, processed food collected in the oropharynx prior to a swallow. Swallows occurred as discrete events punctuating chew sequences and were characterized by coordinated movements of tongue and soft palate. Similar mechanisms of transport have been observed in the opossum and the cat, indicating a common mammalian behaviour. Differences between this herbivore and anthropoid primates can be attributed to differences in anatomy of the oral apparatus.
AW Crompton. 1985. “Origin of the Mammalian Temporomandibular Joint.” In Developmental aspects of temporomandibular joint disorders, edited by DS Carlson, J McNamara, and KA Ribbens, Monograph #16: Pp. 1-18. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
AA Biewener, GW Soghikian, and AW Crompton. 1985. “Regulation of respiratory airflow during panting and feeding in the dog.” Respir PhysiolRespiration Physiology (Amsterdam), 61, Pp. 185-95.Abstract
Cineradiographic study of the movement patterns of oropharyngeal and laryngeal structures during breathing and panting in dogs, correlated with recordings of expiratory and inspiratory airflow patterns (via thermocouples) at the nose and mouth show that the soft palate is the principal structural component regulating the path of respiratory in these animals. Cyclical movements of the soft palate during panting are accompanied by complementary movements of the posterior dorsum of the tongue (and epiglottis) to open and to close alternately the oropharynx and nasopharynx. The epiglottis appears to play a passive role during changes in airflow direction; its movements at this time being closely coupled to movements of the posterior tongue and hyoid. The dogs did not breathe during lapping or mastication, indicating the loss of functional separation of respiratory and feeding activities - a role traditionally held for the evolution of a secondary palate in mammals. Food stored in the posterior region of the oral cavity was observed to obstruct airflow via the nasopharynx during food transport and breakdown. Respiration commenced only after the food bolus had been swallowed. We suggest that specializations of the soft palate and epiglottis in dogs for thermal panting appear to restrict the formation of an adequate oropharyngeal seal during feeding.
Crompton AW Attridge, J. and Jr. F.A. Jenkins. 1985. “The southern African Liassic prosauropod Massospondylus discovered in North America.” J. Vert. Paleontol., 5, Pp. 128-132.
D Stern, AW Crompton, J Heeley, and T Crabtree. 1985. “Structure and function of the mandibular symphysis in the opossum (abstract).” J. Dent. Res.
1984
H. A. Franks, A. W. Crompton, and R. Z. German. 1984. “Mechanism of intraoral transport in macaques.” Am J Phys AnthropolAmerican Journal Physical Anthropology, 65, Pp. 275-82.Abstract
All mammals have the same divisions of cyclic movement of tongue and hyoid during mastication: a protraction or forward phase that begins at minimum gape, and a retraction or return phase. Nonanthropoid mammals transport food from the oral cavity to the oropharynx during the return phase; food on the dorsal surface of the tongue moves distally while the tongue is retracted. Macaques, however, transport food during the protraction phase of tongue/hyoid movement. Food is squeezed posteriorly by contact between the tongue surface and the palate anterior to the food. This mechanism of transport is occasionally seen in nonanthropoid mammals when they are transporting liquids from the oral cavity to the oropharynx. It has, however, not been seen when these mammals transport solid food. One morphological basis for this difference is the reduction in height of the rugae of the palate of macaques. In most mammals these rugae are pronounced ridges that are able to hold food in place during protraction as the tongue slides forward beneath the food. Anthropoids and other mammals differ in the way they store food prior to swallowing. When macaques transport food to the oropharynx, usually they swallow in the next cycle, but always in the next 2 or 3 cycles. Most mammals transport and store food in the oropharynx for several cycles before a swallow clears that region of food. This behavior is correlated with differences in morphology of the oropharynx; anthropoids have reduced valleculae, the area in which other mammals store food prior to swallowing.
franks_et_al-1984-american_journal_of_physical_anthropology.pdf
1983
FA Jenkins Jr., AW Crompton, and WR Downs. 1983. “Mesozoic Mammals from Arizona - New Evidence on Mammalian Evolution,” 222, Pp. 1233-1235.
AW Crompton. 1983. “The Origin of Mammalian-Type Dental Wear in the Earliest Mammals (abstract).” Amer J Phys Anthro, 60, Pp. 186-187.
1982
AW Crompton and D Sponder. 1982. “Basic Pattern of the Activity of Oral Musculature During Feeding and Swallowing in Mammals (abstract).” Am J Phys Anthro, 57, Pp. 178-178.
HA Franks, AW Crompton, and WL Hylander. 1982. “A Comparative Perspective Primate Mastication and Deglutition (abstract).” American Journal of Physical AnthropologyAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology, 57, Pp. 189.
A Thexton, J McGarrick, K Hiiemae, and AW Crompton. 1982. “Hyo-mandibular relationships during feeding in the cat.” Arch Oral BiolArchives of Oral Biology, 27, Pp. 793-801.Abstract
The movement of the hyoid was studied by cineradiography to obtain information on the movements of the tongue base. During feeding on solid foods, the path of movement of the hyoid in the sagittal plane was highly variable and often complex when referred to the palate. When the effect of jaw movement was excluded by referring hyoid movement to the line of the moving mandible, the path of movement of the hyoid became simpler and less variable, tending to an ellipse. The reversal of hyoid movement from backwards to forwards (relative to the mandible) occurred close to the time at which minimum gape was reached and the reversal from forwards to backwards occurred either (a) at low angles of gape during early jaw opening or (b) at maximum gape. Two different categories of stable state therefore existed together with some intermediate forms of relationship in which the periodicity of jaw movement and of hyoid movement differed. Although the mechanical linkage between jaw and hyoid was a major influence on hyoid movement related to the palate, it was not the sole source of variation in the pattern of that movement.
1981
U Oron, AW Crompton, and CR Taylor. 1981. “Energetic Cost of Loco Motion of Some Primitive Mammals.” Physiological ZoologyPhysiological Zoology, 54, Pp. 463-469.Abstract
Most mammals possess much higher metabolic rates than reptiles, but 3
HA Franks, AW Crompton, and L Hylander William. 1981. “Food transport duing chewing and swallowing in primate and non-primate herbivores (abstract).” J Dent ResJournal of Dental Research, 60, Pp. 475.
HA Franks, AW Crompton, and WL Hylander. 1981. “Food Transport During Chewing and Swallowing in Primates and in Nonprimate Herbivores.” Journal of Dental ResearchJournal of Dental Research, 60, Pp. 475.
AW Crompton and D Sponder. 1981. “The mechanisms of food transport (abstract).” J Dent ResJournal of Dental Research, 60, Pp. 474.
KH Hiiemae, A Thexton, J McGarrick, and AW Crompton. 1981. “The movement of the cat hyoid during feeding.” Arch Oral BiolArchives of Oral Biology, 26, Pp. 65-81.
AW Crompton. 1981. “The Origin of Mammalian Occlusion.” In Orthodontics: The State of the Art, edited by HG Barrer, Pp. 3-18. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
HA Franks, AW Crompton, and WL Hylander. 1981. “Tongue Movements During Chewing and Swallowing in Nonhuman Primates.” American ZoologistAmerican Zoologist, 20.
1980
AW Crompton. 1980. “Biology of the Earliest Mammals.” In Comparative Physiology: Primitive Mammals, edited by L Schmidt-Nielsen, Liana Bolis, and CR Taylor, Pp. 1-12. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
AJ Thexton, KM Hiiemae, and AW Crompton. 1980. “Food consistency and bite size as regulators of jaw movement during feeding in the cat.” J NeurophysiolJ Neurophysiol, 44, Pp. 456-74.

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